Toxicity Evaluation of Textile Effluents on Gill Morphology and Enzyme Activity in Zebrafish

In this study, the toxicological effects of textile effluent were studied on zebrafish (Danio rerio) through the examination of morphological and biochemical changes as a result of a 96 hour exposure to low, medium and high concentrations of effluents, when compared to the control group which was maintained in clean and filtered water. Morphological parameters including lamellar length, epithelial lifting, hyperplasia, and lamellar fusion were counted to obtain the Gill Damage Index (GDI), while the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) have been measured in order to The results showed dose-dependent fish’s gill damage and enzymatic activity decrease, which attests that textile effluent has both structural and biochemical effects on fish. These results point to the ecological threats of textile wastewater and zebrafish’s abilities as a bioindicator for aquatic environmental monitoring, highlighting the need to enhance effluent management and regulations, that is, timely intervention.