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📢 Latest Update: New special issue call for papers on "Emerging Technologies in Research" - Submit by March 31, 2025

📢 Latest Update: New special issue call for papers on "Emerging Technologies in Research" - Submit by March 31, 2025

JPRIMS, Vol-2, Issue-8, Aug.-2025

Volume 2, Issue 8 - $2025

Volume 2 Issue 8 Cover

Issue Details:

Volume 2 Issue 8
Published:Invalid Date

Editorial: JPRIMS, Vol-2, Issue-8, Aug.-2025

Welcome to the 2025 issue of Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Integrated Medical Sciences. This issue showcases the remarkable breadth and depth of contemporary research across multiple disciplines. From cutting-edge applications of machine learning in climate science to the revolutionary potential of quantum computing in drug discovery, our featured articles demonstrate the power of interdisciplinary collaboration in addressing global challenges.

We are particularly excited to present research that bridges traditional academic boundaries, reflecting our journal's commitment to fostering innovation through cross-disciplinary dialogue. The integration of artificial intelligence with environmental science, the application of blockchain technology to supply chain management, and the convergence of urban planning with smart city technologies exemplify the transformative potential of collaborative research.

As we continue to navigate an era of rapid technological advancement and global challenges, the research presented in this issue offers both insights and solutions that will shape our future. We thank our authors, reviewers, and editorial board members for their continued dedication to advancing knowledge and promoting scientific excellence.

Dr. Arpan Kumar Tripathi
Editor-in-Chief
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Integrated Medical Sciences

Articles in This Issue

Showing 15 of 15 articles
Research PaperID: JPRIMS820118

Formulation And Evaluation of Herbal Inhalation Pods to Relief Nasal Congestion

Suman Shrivastava, Gurtej Singh Wadhwa

Background: Nasal congestion is a common symptom of upper respiratory tract infections, sinusitis, and seasonal allergies. Synthetic decongestants offer temporary relief but may cause adverse effects with long-term use. Herbal essential oils such as clove oil, mentha oil, camphor oil, eucalyptus oil, and thymol possess proven decongestant, antimicrobial, and soothing properties, making them promising candidates for natural inhalation therapy. Objective: To formulate and evaluate herbal inhalation pods using selected essential oils for effective and safe relief from nasal congestion. Materials and Methods: Herbal inhalation pods were prepared by impregnating a porous cotton base with a standardized blend of clove, mentha, camphor, eucalyptus oils, and thymol in optimized ratios. The formulations were assessed for physicochemical characteristics (odor intensity, weight uniformity, and oil retention), in vitro aroma longevity, and evaporation profile. Antimicrobial activity was tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, while preliminary decongestant efficacy was evaluated through sensory relief and inhalation tests. Results: The optimized formulation exhibited sustained aroma release for 6–8 hours, stable physicochemical properties, and significant antimicrobial activity against tested strains. Sensory evaluation indicated rapid nasal clearance and improved breathing comfort within 5 minutes of inhalation. Conclusion: The developed herbal inhalation pods provide an effective, natural, and portable solution for nasal congestion relief. Their synergistic essential oil composition ensures prolonged aroma diffusion, antimicrobial protection, and quick symptomatic relief without the side effects of synthetic decongestants.

Herbal Anti-aging creamPhytochemical screeningChamomile (Matricaria chamomilla)Calendula (Calendula officinalis)Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea)
7,423 views
2,230 downloads

Contributors:

 Suman Shrivastava
,
 Gurtej Singh Wadhwa
Research PaperID: JPRIMS820123

IMPACT OF HYPERTENSION AND DIABETES ON THE PATIENTS OF LOCAL AREAS OF DURG CITY

Tarun Kumar Sahu, Saurabh Shrivastava, Swarnali Das Paul

This study examines the impact of hypertension and diabetes on patients in the local areas of Durg City, Chhattisgarh. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among patients in Durg City diagnosed with hypertension, diabetes, or both, across different age groups and socioeconomic backgrounds. Data were collected through interviews, medical records, and health check-ups at local clinics. The study assessed prevalence, awareness, treatment patterns, lifestyle factors, and complications. Results showed a high incidence of both conditions, often coexisting, with poor awareness and disease management in certain groups. Unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, and stress were major contributing factors. The study highlights the need for stronger public health efforts, awareness programs, and accessible healthcare services. It provides a foundation for future research and local health policies to improve prevention and management of these chronic diseases.

Scalp compatibility.Dirt dispersionViscosity analysisFoam stabilityPhytochemical screeningEco-friendly personal care+4 more
7,467 views
2,194 downloads

Contributors:

 Tarun Kumar Sahu
,
 Saurabh Shrivastava
,
 Swarnali Das Paul
Research PaperID: JPRIMS820138

A Comparative Study on The Dissolution Enhancement of Poorly Soluble Drugs Using Solid Dispersion Vs. Nanosuspension Techniques

Nikhil Rajnani, Nalini Kurup

Ineffective aqueous solubility is one of the major issues in oral drug delivery which usually provides poor therapeutic efficacy of Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class II drugs. The paper contains a straightforward experimental search based on the comparison of two known formulation approaches, solid dispersion ( SD) and nanosuspension, (NS ), to improve the dissolution of a model, poorly soluble drug. SD was made through evaporation of solvents whereas NS was formulated at a high pressure of homogenization. Particle size analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and dissolution test were used to characterize the formulations. The outcomes were that NS attained a remarkably lower particle size (210.4 ± 5.8 nm) than SD (4.85 ±- 0.22 mum) which led to increased surface area and increased rate of dissolution. Near-complete amorphization in NS (12.8 % crystallinity) as compared to partial amorphization in SD (42.5 %). In dissolution studies, 96.2 percent of drug released after 30 minute (NS) compared to SD (85.4 percent) and pure drug (34.6 percent). Both of these formulations- were stable under accelerated conditions. The results show that both the methods can bring a tremendous difference to the amount of dissolution but the nanosuspension method is more effective than the solid dispersion method and can be used where fast acting drug is required but the solid dispersion method can help where formulation based on stability is important to the solid dosage forms.

Antioxidant ActivitySemecarpus anacardiumCalotropis ProceraWithania SomniferaAyurvedic herbs
7,601 views
2,309 downloads

Contributors:

 Nikhil Rajnani
,
 Nalini Kurup
Research PaperID: JPRIMS820139

Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles for Pharmaceutical Applications: Sustainable Alternatives in Drug Formulation

Shubham Kamble, Kanak Virkhade, Divya Moundekar, Shubhangini Dongare, Pranali Chaple

The degraded relationships between the environment and man created via the emergence of environmental issues on drug formulations have stimulated the endeavors to find environmentally friendly and sustainable synthesis procedure of nanoparticle synthesis via green processes. This paper examines the fabrication, properties and the drug application of silver (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) that are developed under the influence of medicinal plant extracts as reducing and stabilizing agents. UVVis spectrophotometry, FTIR, XRD, SEM/TEM and DLS analyses were used to synthesise, purify and characterise nanoparticles in complete experimental research study design. It was found that there were individual plasmon resonance peaks of AgNPs (430535 nm) and AuNPs (540545nm), and that AuNPs with smaller sizes (28.731.2 nm), high uniformity, and good colloidal stability as compared to AgNPs. Cell viability in in vitro cytotoxicity assays of all formulations was above 84 % which is excellent biocompatibility. It was found that particle size and zeta potential of the AgNPs and AuNPs significantly differed (ANOVA), whereas cytotoxicity did not. The observed results show that green synthesis is an alternative, sustainable way of producing nanoparticles and that the method could hold value in delivering pharmaceutical drugs and reduce the environmental impact of nanoparticle synthesis.

Crystallinity.Particle size reductionDissolution enhancementpoorly soluble drugsNanosuspensionSolid dispersion
7,853 views
2,306 downloads

Contributors:

 Shubham Kamble
,
 Kanak Virkhade
,
 Divya Moundekar
,
 Shubhangini Dongare
,
 Pranali Chaple
Research PaperID: JPRIMS820140

Analytical Method Validation in Pharmaceutical Quality Control: Current Guidelines and Challenges

Perli Kranti Kumar, Prashik B Dudhe, Shrikant S Nilewar

Analytical method validation (AMV) in the veterinary field forms an important aspect of quality control in pharmaceutical companies in which drugs are used to treat various species of animals to guarantees safety, efficacy and regulatory actions are adhered to. This review points to the significance of the species-based approaches in pharmacokinetics of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and residue detection with a focus on the issues of physiological diversity, complex biological samples and ethical requirement. Modern methods such as HPLC, UPLC, GC, LC-MS/MS, UV-Vis, and FTIR are characterized by sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility and newer techniques such as capillary electrophoresis and microfluidic-based technology, high-resolution mass spectrometry and bioinformatics-directed validation incorporates enhanced sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility, reduced sample volumes, and increased throughput. Future methodological advances in multi-dimensional platforms, green analytical chemistry, chemometrics, and machine learning offer new ways of addressing matrix effects and resource limitations and regulatory limitations. Taken together, these strategies can contribute to effective veterinary drug monitoring, food safety, and sustainable and species-specific AMV practices and direct future research at achieving harmonized and technologically more advanced validation processes.

Sustainable Drug DeliveryBiocompatibilityPharmaceutical ApplicationsGold NanoparticlesSilver NanoparticlesNanoparticles+1 more
7,865 views
2,357 downloads

Contributors:

 Perli Kranti Kumar
,
 Prashik B Dudhe
,
 Shrikant S Nilewar
Research PaperID: JPRIMS820141

Design and Characterization of Chitosan-Based Mucoadhesive Nanoparticles for Buccal Delivery of Antidiabetic Drugs

Shubham Kamble, Tirupati Rasala, Pranjali Meshram, Bhagyashri Barewar, Gayatri kasdekar, Nilesh Deshmukh

The current study dwells upon the design, optimization and the characterization of chitosan based mucoadhesive nanoparticles (CS-MNPs) entrenched in buccal film preparations of metformin HCl to observe overcoming the shortcomings of traditional oral treatment. Formulation variable including the molecular weight of chitosan, and the ratio of polymer: crosslinker was optimized using ionic gelation and response-surface methodology to yield nanometre-scale particle size, dispersion, high zeta potential, and encapsulation efficiency. The optimized CS-MNPs showed extended, 12-hour release of drug, effective ex vivo buccal permeation (flux 4.7 ug/cm2/h), good mucoadhesion (0.42 N), and desirable morphology characterization by TEM and SEM. Stability studies indicated high levels of robustness when in the moderate storage environments, perishable to high relative humidity and temperature. Kinetic modelling implied an abnormal transport mechanism in the release of the drug which included diffusion and the relaxation of the polymer. It is indicated that this buccal drug delivery system has the potential of avoiding first pass metabolism to increase the therapeutic outcome overall as well as patient compliance in management of diabetes, and because of its versatility and dynamic nature to accommodate other forms of drugs which have poor oral bioavailability.

Green Analytical ChemistryResidue MonitoringChemometricsMicrofluidicsLC-MS/MSSpecies-Specific Validation+2 more
7,843 views
2,355 downloads

Contributors:

 Shubham Kamble
,
 Tirupati Rasala
,
 Pranjali Meshram
,
 Bhagyashri Barewar
,
 Gayatri kasdekar
,
 Nilesh Deshmukh
Research PaperID: JPRIMS820142

Fabrication of Gold Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug Delivery in Breast Cancer: Synthesis, Characterization, And Cytotoxicity Study

Urmila Raghuvanshi, Nitish Gupta

Breast cancer is one of the major causes of death in women globally and the administration of conventional chemotherapy is usually hampered by systemic toxicity and non-specific distribution of drugs. Approaches based on nanotechnology, in particular, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), provide a promising platform to develop targeted drug delivery because they are nontoxic, easy to modify on the surface, and they can accumulate in tumors. The objective of this study was to synthesize AuNPs and determine its possible use as a doxorubicin delivery system in breast cancer treatment. Gold nanoparticles were prepared through the citrate reduction technique, characterized in terms of size, morphology and surface charge, and doxorubicin was conjugated to the nanoparticles. The drug-loading capacity and release profile were evaluated by in vitro studies and tumor regression and systemic toxicity were evaluated by in vivo in a breast cancer-induced rat model. These findings showed that the AuNP-doxorubicin formulation was able to attain good drug loading, sustained release, increased tumor targeting, and lower systemic side effects than the free drug administration. These results show that gold nanoparticles can be a useful nanocarriers system of targeted breast cancer therapy, with increased therapeutic effect and reduced side effects.

Antidiabetic DrugsBuccal DeliveryNanoparticlesMucoadhesiveChitosan-BasedCharacterization+1 more
8,088 views
2,425 downloads

Contributors:

 Urmila Raghuvanshi
,
 Nitish Gupta
Research PaperID: JPRIMS820143

Formulation And Evaluation of Curcumin-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Enhanced Oral Bioavailability

Janhavi H. Indurkar, Shubham Kamble, Akshay Vijay Ramteke

Turmeric has been reported to reduce brain volume in mice models, TB positive and intestinal inflammation in mice models. The purpose of the study was to develop and optimize the curcumin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) by hot high-pressure homogenization method in order to increase its oral bioavailability. The optimized formulation displayed the following properties, a particle size of 165.9 nm, and high entrapment efficiency, strong zeta potential providing physical stability. Sustained release was observed in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic analysis showed strongly increased systemic exposure and extended circulation half-life with respect to free curcumin. The study findings validate the findings that NLCs offer a potential delivery vehicle to facilitate enhanced bioavailability of poorly bioavailable bioactives and that NLCs have prospects in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical fields.

CytotoxicityNanocarriersDoxorubicinBreast CancerTargeted Drug DeliveryGold Nanoparticles
8,338 views
2,526 downloads

Contributors:

 Janhavi H. Indurkar
,
 Shubham Kamble
,
 Akshay Vijay Ramteke
Research PaperID: JPRIMS820144

Green-Synthesized Nanoparticles Using Herbal Extracts: A Pharmacognostic Approach to Targeted Drug Delivery

Teesha Khobragade, Archi Chaudhary, Nayan Gudadhe, Khushi Bagde, Shubham Kamble, Tirupati Rasala

This paper explores the preparation of nanoparticles employing the herbal extract in the form of green chemistry that is environmental friendly. The problems inherent with conventional synthesis of nanoparticles, such as the use of extremely harsh chemicals and the intensity of the process, can be dealt with using the herbal-mediated synthesis that is free of costs, biocompatible and environmentally friendly. In this study, emphasis will therefore be made on the phytochemicals in the different medicinal plants (i.e. such as alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids and phenolics) used in the synthesis of nanoparticles, as reducing and stabilizing agents. The nanoparticles synthesized showed great antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activity, which illustrates a possible use as a biomedical agent. Advanced characterization through analytical methods used indicated stability, uniformity and nanometer dimensions. The comparative analysis of the already existing literature was done on the basis of highlighting the virtues of the green-synthesized nanoparticles in the aspects of its safety, eco-friendliness, and multifunctionality in therapeutic applications. The results help to increase the ever-evolving literature that suggests that herbal-based green synthesis mitigates the risk associated with environmental pollution and increases the pharmacological worth of nanoparticles. This paper has established that the green synthesized nanoparticles have potential uses within the realms of medicine, drug delivery and sustainable nanotechnology in the future.

Sustained ReleasePharmacokineticsDrug DeliveryOral BioavailabilityNanostructured Lipid CarriersCurcumin
8,489 views
2,544 downloads

Contributors:

 Teesha Khobragade
,
 Archi Chaudhary
,
 Nayan Gudadhe
,
 Khushi Bagde
,
 Shubham Kamble
,
 Tirupati Rasala
Research PaperID: JPRIMS820145

Optimization of Liposomal Formulations Using Design of Experiments (DOE) For Enhanced Skin Penetration of Anti-Aging Compounds

Arbind Kumar Choudhary, Kathiravan S, Shridhar Jayagopalan

Liposomal drug delivery systems have been developed as a potential favourite to ameliorate the dermal delivery of the anti-aging substances because they are biocompatible, have the capacity to bind both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs and possess the ability to boost targeted treatments. In this work the systematic study was done to optimize liposomal formulations against skin penetration by application of Design of Experiments (DoE) approach. The factorial design was used to optimize various formulation parameters such as phospholipid concentration, cholesterol content and hydration time and their influence on the effect on vesicle size, entrapment efficiency and in-vitro skin penetration established. The statistical analysis indicated there was important interaction among the variables and therefore optimal formulation was defined using the technique and it performed better in terms of skin permeation behavior. The findings indicate the effectiveness of the DoE strategy in the development of formulation and the potential of optimized liposomes as a delivery vehicle to anti-aging products.

Biomedical applicationsAntimicrobial activityNanoparticlesHerbal extractsGreen synthesis
8,375 views
2,463 downloads

Contributors:

 Arbind Kumar Choudhary
,
 Kathiravan S
,
 Shridhar Jayagopalan
Research PaperID: JPRIMS820146

Quality-By-Design (QBD) Approach in Developing a Thermoresponsive In-Situ Nasal Gel Containing Nanosized Antiviral

Sonika Prajapati, Vaibhav Yadav, Rahul, Arendra Pratap Singh, Disha Deshmukh

Design of patient acceptable and effective drug delivery systems is a major concern area in pharmaceutical research field especially when the aim is management of nasal and respiratory infections. This paper was an attempt to design and optimize a thermoresponsive in-situ nasal gel made with nanosized antiviral agent using Poloxamer 407, Poloxamer 188, and HPMC as variables of the formulation. To determine the impact of these variables on the gelation temperature, viscosity and drug release, a Box- Behnken design was used together with Response Surface Methodology (RSM). ANOVA showed the effect of three excipients to be significant (p

Dermal deliveryFormulation optimizationAnti-aging compoundsSkin penetrationDesign of ExperimentsLiposomes
8,704 views
2,485 downloads

Contributors:

 Sonika Prajapati
,
 Vaibhav Yadav
,
 Rahul
,
 Arendra Pratap Singh
,
 Disha Deshmukh
Research PaperID: JPRIMS820147

Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: A Review on Their Role in Targeted Drug Delivery Systems

Smita P. Borkar, Snehal Pawar, Swaranjali Mohite

This review is an overview of the Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) as the advanced lipid-based drug delivery systems with emphasis on the preclinical animal studies. Their physicochemical properties and formulation strategies and therapeutic uses are explored with a particular focus on how they can be used to enhance drug stability, controlled release and bioavailability. The stable lipid matrix of SLNs can be used to deliver drugs slowly, whereas the partially disordered lipid phase of NLCs offers more space to load drugs, less expulsion of drugs and improved in vivo properties. Comparative studies have shown that NLCs are normally more effective than SLNs in therapeutic efficacy especially in poorly water-soluble or targeted drugs. The review also addresses the existing limitations, such as complexities of formulation and storage stability, and determines the gaps in research, in toxicity evaluation, pharmacokinetics and scalability, and offers directions to guide future preclinical and translation research.

Poloxamer 188Poloxamer 407nanosized antiviral agentsin-situ nasal deliveryThermoresponsive gel
8,804 views
2,580 downloads

Contributors:

 Smita P. Borkar
,
 Snehal Pawar
,
 Swaranjali Mohite
Research PaperID: JPRIMS820148

Recent Advances in Polymeric Nanoparticles for Oral Delivery of Biologics: A Pharmaceutics Perspective

Jayanti Tiwari, Abhishek Kumar Gupta, Anshul Dubey, Anurag Sahu, Anamika Rajak

Oral administration of biologics such as peptides, proteins, vaccines, and nucleic acids is one of the most significant challenges because of enzymatic breakdown, acidic gastric environment, and low absorption in the intestines. Polymeric nanoparticle has become a potential solution to surmount these obstacles, as it provides protection of biologics, controlled release as well as increased mucosal uptake. This review will present a pharmaceutics-oriented overview of recent developments in polymeric nanoparticle-based oral delivery systems with particular emphasis on preclinical animal studies. The significant advances in natural and synthetic polymers, surface modification techniques including mucoadhesion, conjugation of ligands and pH- sensitive coatings and the applications in different classes of biologics are also critically examined. The animal studies show enhanced oral bioavailability, prolonged therapeutic effect and improved immune response, showing the potential of the systems as less invasive methods of administration compared to the conventional administration. Although some of these advances have been made, issues of formulation complexity, reproducibility, large-scale production and long-term safety have yet to be resolved. This review highlights the existing gaps and suggests future research to enable translation of polymeric nanoparticles in oral biologic delivery into clinical practice.

Lipid-Based NanoparticlesTargeted Drug DeliveryNanostructured Lipid CarriersSolid Lipid Nanoparticles
8,873 views
2,601 downloads

Contributors:

 Jayanti Tiwari
,
 Abhishek Kumar Gupta
,
 Anshul Dubey
,
 Anurag Sahu
,
 Anamika Rajak
Research PaperID: JPRIMS820149

Stability-Indicating RP-HPLC Method Development for A Fixed-Dose Combination Tablet and Its Degradation Kinetics

Sanjeev Kumar

Pharmaceutical formulations stability is an important factor in drug development and drug quality control. The goals of this work were to establish and qualify a stability-indicating reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method to measure active pharmaceutical ingredients in a fixed- dose combination admixture tablet simultaneously and to assess the degradation kinetics of the Active pharmaceutical ingredients under different stress conditions. The concentration using C18 column and acetonitrile-phosphate buffer mobile phase proved to be optimal in terms of separating the APIs with great resolution, symmetric peaks and reproducibility. The results of the forced degradation studies indicated that stress due to acidic and oxidative conditions appeared to be the most significant stressors, whereas thermal and photolytic stress had little effect. First-order kinetic models were used to describe the degradation that was confirmed to be significantly different under different stress conditions using statistical testing. The validated technique was robust and sensitive and could be applied in regular quality checks; the information helped understand the stability of the formulation and shelf-life.

Nucleic AcidsVaccinesProteinsPeptidesBiologicsOral Delivery+1 more
9,070 views
2,598 downloads

Contributors:

 Sanjeev Kumar
Research PaperID: JPRIMS820150

The Evolving Role of Pharmaceutics in Personalized Medicine: From Conventional Dosage Forms to Nano-Enabled Drug Carriers

Monal Yogesh Jain

Animal models play a key role in personalized medicine because they help define the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety and therapeutic profile of conventional and nano-enabled drug delivery systems. In comparison to conventional dosage forms, current successful targeting and control of drug release are restricted, nano-enabled carriers improve solubility, extend systemic circulation and allow site specific delivery. Inter-individual variability in drug metabolism, enzyme, and immune response are also prominent with animal models, appropriate dose selection, safety testing, and formulations to make therapy more person-specific. High end techniques such as in vivo imaging, biodistribution analysis, histopathology, and toxicological screening enhance these studies in terms of translating their strength. By integrating both animal-based studies with biomarker-based methods, computational modeling, and complimentary in vitro methods, the accuracy of predictive methods increases dramatically. The studies highlight the imperativeness of animal research as mediator between the preclinical research and the clinical implementation, in the establishment of safe, effective, and custom designed pharmaceutic interventions in personal medicine.

Pharmaceutical Analysis.Forced DegradationDegradation KineticsFixed-Dose CombinationStability-Indicating MethodRP-HPLC
9,062 views
2,632 downloads

Contributors:

 Monal Yogesh Jain

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